一
起
来
国际康复医学资讯之康复英语再次升级——这次和我们一起说出来！
多重播几遍原声，尽全力模仿原声的语调语气，才是有用的。
第一步：
仔细听视频中的英文原文，先尝试在心里重复一遍
第二步：
对照英文原文和中文译文，再次加深学习
英文原文
（已适当过滤和修正口语表达）：
Brainherniationiswhatit’scalledwhensomesomebraintissuemovesoutsideoftheskull,ormovesacrossorintoastructurewithintheskull.Brainherniationtypicallyhappensinresponsetoincreasedintracranialpressure,whichreferstoahighpressurewithintheskull.Anintracranialpressureabove15mmHgisconsideredhigh.
OK,let’sstartwithsomebasicbrainanatomy.Thebrainhasafewregions.Themostobviousisthecerebrum,whichisdividedintotwocerebralhemispheres,eachofwhichhasacortex,oranouterregion,dividedintofourlobesincludingthefrontallobe,parietallobe,temporallobe,andtheoccipitallobe.Therearealsoanumberofadditionalstructures,includingthecerebellum,whichisdownbelow,aswellasthebrainstem,whichconnectstothespinalcord.
Nowzoomingin,thebrainandspinalcordiscoveredbythemeninges,whicharethreeprotectivelayersofthebrain.Theinnerlayerofthemeningesisthepiamater,themiddlelayeristhearachnoidmater,andtheouterlayeristheduramater.
Thesefirsttwo,thepiaandarachnoidmaters,formthesubarachnoidspace,whichhousesthecerebrospinalfluid,orCSF.CSFisaclear,wateryliquidwhichispumpedaroundthespinalcordandbrain,cushioningthemfromimpactandbathingtheminnutrients.
Theoutermembraneistheduramater,whichformsthemeningealfolds,suchasfalxcerebriandtentorium.Thefalxcerebrigoesdownintothelongitudinalfissurethatseparatesthehemispheresofthebrain.Thefreeedgeofthefalxcerebriisinclosecontactwiththecentralpartofthebraincalledcorpuscallosum,whichconnectstheleftandrighthemisphere.
There’salsothetentorium,whichislocatedinthebackofourskull,thatseparatesthecerebrumfromthecerebellum.Thefreeedgeofthetentoriumisinclosecontactwiththebrainstem,whichistheregionthatconnectsthebraintothespinalcord.
Theskullhasasetvolumeandpressureinsideoftheskulliskeptrelativelyconstant.Inotherwords,thesumofthevolumesofthebrain,cerebrospinalfluid,andintracranialvenousandarterialbloodisalwaysaboutthesame.
So,ifthere’sanincreaseinthevolumeofanyoneofthesethree,there’sa
